雅思閱讀真題解析-劍15 Test2Passage1-Could urban engineers learn-摘要填空題

整體分析
文章有段落信息配對題和摘要填空題，我們先做摘要填空題，再做段落信息配對題。

摘要填空題
Questions 7-13
Questions 7-13 Complete the summary below.
Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer.
Write your answers in boxes 7-13 on your answer sheet.

Q7-8
Guard rails
Guard rails were introduced on British roads to improve the 7......................of pedestrians, while ensuring that the movement of 8..........................is not disrupted.

分析
題目標題的guard rails可以劃定位詞，題干可以劃定位詞的有British roads和 pedestrians。第7題空格前面是improve the, 后邊是pedestrians，所以空格應該是跟行人相關的名詞。第8題空格前面是movement of， 后邊是is not disturbed，所以空格應該是單數或不可數名詞。第7題講的是行人，跟行人同時走在路上的只能是交通工具了，所以第8題是表示交通工具的單數名詞。

定位
E… The guard rails that will be familiar to anyone who has attempted to cross a British road, for example, were an engineering solution to pedestrian safety based on models that prioritise the smooth flow of traffic…

答案
上文第一句出現了guard rails和British road。這句中的were an engineering solution to對應題干中的were introduced on British roads to，所以緊跟其后的pedestrian safety是答案，因為空格后邊有of pedestrians，所以答案只寫safety。

往后的內容有prioritise the smooth flow of【優先考慮…的順利流動】對應題干中的 ensuring that the movement of…is not disturbed【確保…的移動不被打擾】，所以緊跟其后的詞traffic是答案。

Q9
Pedestrians are led to access points and encouraged to cross one 9...................... at a time.

分析
題干可以劃定位詞的有access points。空格前面是one, 后邊是at a time【一次】，所以空格應該是表示流量的單數名詞，既然這句話的主語是行人，那么空格應該也是表示行人流通量的單數名詞。

定位
E… On wide major roads, they often guide pedestrians to specific crossing points and slow down their progress across the road by using staggered access points to divide the crossing into two - one for each carriageway- In doing so they make crossings feel longer, introducing psychological barriers greatly impacting those that are the least mobile, and encouraging others to make dangerous crossings to get around the guard rails：These barriers don’t just make it harder to cross the road: they divide communities and decrease opportunities for healthy transport：As a result, many are now being removed, causing disruption, cost, and waste.

答案
上文第一句出現了access points，這句中的one for each對應題干中的one…at a time，所以緊跟其后的詞carriageway是答案。

Q10
An unintended effect is to create psychological difficulties in crossing the road, particularly for less 10 ...................... people.

分析
題干可以劃定位詞的有unintended effect, psychological difficulties和people。第10題空格前面是less, 后邊是people，所以空格應該是表示人的特征的形容詞。

定位
E…In doing so they make crossings feel longer, introducing psychological barriers greatly impacting those that are the least mobile, and encouraging others to make dangerous crossings to get around the guard rails：These barriers don’t just make it harder to cross the road: they divide communities and decrease opportunities for healthy transport：As a result, many are now being removed, causing disruption, cost, and waste.

答案
上文第一句中的psychological barriers對應題干中的psychological difficulties，這句中的greatly impacting【嚴重影響…】對應題干中的particularly for【尤其對…】，所以緊跟其后的形容詞mobile是答案。雖然這里的least【最不…的】跟題干中的less【不如…的】程度不一樣，但都是降低或往少了說的，所以感情色彩一致，可以對應上。

Q11
Another result is that some people cross the road in a 11 ......................way.

分析
題干可以劃定位詞的有result和way。空格前面是a, 后邊是way,所以空格應該是形容詞。這句說的是cross the road in a …way，所以這里in a …way不是“一條道路上”，而是“用一種…的方式”，所以空格里的形容詞表示過馬路的特點。

定位
E…In doing so they make crossings feel longer, introducing psychological barriers greatly impacting those that are the least mobile, and encouraging others to make dangerous crossings to get around the guard rails…

答案
上文第一句后半句中的others對應題干中的some people，這句中的crossings對應題干中的cross the road，所以答案是緊挨著的形容詞dangerous。

Q12-13
The guard rails separate 12 ...................... and make it more difficult to introduce forms of transport that are 13 ......................

分析
題干可以劃定位詞的有forms of transport。第12題空格前面是separate，后邊是另一個句子，所以空格寫名詞，原文中要找到跟separate對應的詞。第13題空格前面是transport that are，所以空格應該是修飾transport的形容詞。

定位
E…These barriers don’t just make it harder to cross the road: they divide communities and decrease opportunities for healthy transport：As a result, many are now being removed, causing disruption, cost, and waste.

答案
上文第一句中的they divide【分離】對應題干中的The guard rails separate,所以第12題答案是communities。
上文and 后邊的decrease opportunities for對應題干中的make it more difficult to，所以第13題的答案是transport前面的形容詞healthy。